Does avatar design in educational games promote a positive emotional experience among learners?

Abstract

Virtual learning companions, such as avatars, have shown significant potential in assisting learners—particularly in the Digital Game-Based Learning (DGBL) condition. Since there are many avatar design approaches which can be utilized in DGBL, questions arise on which type of these are most preferred by learners. Mainly, in ensuring that the design promotes positive emotional experience throughout the learning process. This research has specifically explored the realism aspect of avatar design. In particular, we have found that moderate cartoon-like character designs can be more promising in promoting positive emotional experiences among viewers, in comparison to slightly realistic and overly exaggerated avatar designs.