Antimicrobial, antioxidative, and cytotoxic properties of <i>Monotheca buxifolia</i> assisted synthesized metal and metal oxide nanoparticles

Abstract

Monotheca buxifolia extract of different pH was used for synthesis, morphological, and biological characterizations of nanoparticles. Ag and CuO NPs were synthesized at natural pH of extract (5.6), 7, and 9 while CdO were synthesized at 5.6 and 9 pH. Neutral pH favored synthesis of Fe2O3 and NiO NPs. X-ray diffractometer and scanning electron microscopy analyses showed that CdO, Ag, and CuO NPs were crystalline having cubic monteponite, cubic and monoclinic geometry, respectively, with average size 19–62 nm. Flavonoid and phenolic like properties were higher for CuO9 NPs. Ag9 showed highest total antioxidant capacity and total reducing power activity. In cytotoxic assay, NPs displayed LC50 from 24.1 to 199.8 μg/mL against brine shrimps. CdO9 NPs gave maximum zones of inhibition against bacterial and fungal strains. Aqueous leaf extract of M. buxifolia exhibits great potential in fabrication of NPs and adjustment of plant extract pH changes morphological and biological activities of synthesized NPs for biomedical and animal interaction studies.