S-Adenosylmethionine-Dependent Methyltransferase Helps <i>Pichia caribbica</i> Degrade Patulin

Abstract

Patulin contamination not only is a menace to human health but also causes serious environmental problems worldwide due to the synthetic fungicides that are used to control it. This study focused on investigating the patulin degradation mechanism in <i>Pichia caribbica</i> at the molecular level. According to the results, <i>P. caribbica</i> (2 × 10⁶ cells/mL) was able to degrade patulin from 20 μg/mL to an undetectable level in 72 h. The RNA-seq data showed patulin-induced oxidative stress and responses in <i>P. caribbica</i>. The deletion of <i>PcCRG1</i> led to a significant decrease in patulin degradation by <i>P. caribbica</i>, whereas the overexpression of <i>PcCRG1</i> accelerated the degradation of patulin. The study identified that PcCRG1 protein had the ability to degrade patulin in vitro. Overall, we demonstrated that the patulin degradation process in <i>P. caribbica</i> was more than one way; PcCRG1 was an S-adenosylmethionine-dependent methyltransferase and played an important role in the patulin degradation process in <i>P. caribbica</i>.