Smart Border Surveillance System using Wireless Sensor Network and Computer Vision

Abstract

Border surveillance is the most important task in the field of national defense and security. To maintain peace and to ensure safety of a country's people, the borders need to be kept under 24/7 monitoring. Especially, under current circumstances, when activities like terrorist infiltrations and illegal movement of both living as well as non-living beings have become common, it becomes of utmost importance to strictly protect the border areas against such activities. To curb such happenings on the border areas, the least that can be done is to provide constant monitoring. In current scenario, this monitoring takes place manually by the border security forces which are responsible for continuously keeping an eye on the borders. It takes a lot of manpower and assets as the borders are stretched across hundreds of miles and have extreme terrain as well as climatic conditions. Hence, the need of the hour is to design an automated border surveillance system which can perform the surveillance task without requiring any human assistance. It can eliminate the need of deploying humans at hostile conditions at all the times. Moreover, in case if something suspicious is detected by the system, it must be able to take the necessary decisions and hence actions along with issuing alert messages for the human controllers. The central control rooms can be set up at a distance from the border area. Once the human controller is aware of the intrusion, it is upon him to decide the next course of action. Such systems if deployed successfully, can not only save resources but also can reduce the risk to human life significantly. However, complete automation of border surveillance is not yet attainable due to safety constraints but surely such systems can provide assistance and can work in collaboration with the defense forces and thus, making the country's borders secure.