Significantly Enhanced Detectivity of CIGS Broadband High-Speed Photodetectors by Grain Size Control and ALD-Al₂O₃ Interfacial-Layer Modification

Abstract

The Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) thin film has been commercialized as solar cells with great success, but its application for photodetectors still faces some practical challenges, including low detectivity and long response time. In this paper, the structure of the Mo/CIGS/CdS/ZnO/ITO heterojunction has been fabricated, and satisfactory performances of high detectivity and fast response time have been achieved by suppressing the dark current and enhancing the carrier mobility. The controllable growth of CIGS grains is accomplished through optimizing the selenization process, demonstrating that bigger grain sizes resulted in higher carrier mobility and better response characteristics. Particularly, the high rise/decay speed of 3.40/6.46 μs is achieved. Furthermore, the interface of the CIGS/CdS heterojunction has been modified by the Al2O3 layer via the atomic-layer deposition (ALD) process. The dark current of the device is effectively suppressed by the ALD-Al2O3 layer, which remarkably drops from ∼10–7 to ∼10–9 A. As a consequence, the detectivity rises from 3.08 × 1011 to 1.84 × 1012 Jones. In addition, the ALD-Al2O3 layer shows a protective effect as well, which is positive for photoelectrical conversion. Besides, the wide linear dynamic range of 102.1 dB and large −3 dB bandwidth of 78 kHz are acquired. This work suggests that the CIGS-based heterojunction has great potential for high-performance thin-film photodetectors.