Inspection-Class Remotely Operated Vehicles—A Review

TLDR

This review surveys inspection‑class Remotely Operated Vehicles (ROVs). The authors systematically classify inspection‑class ROVs by size and capability, review core subsystems—shape, buoyancy, power, telemetry, thrusters, and navigation—and provide comparative tables of data transmission, communication protocols, and inertial navigation systems. Readers gain a clearer understanding of inspection‑class ROV fundamentals and a foundation for further research.

Abstract

This paper presents a review of inspection-class Remotely Operated Vehicles (ROVs). The review divides the classification of inspection-class ROVs; categorising the vehicles in order of size and capability. A state of the art technology review is undertaken, discussing various common subsystems of the ROV. Standard and novel ROV shapes and designs are reviewed, with emphasis on buoyancy, frame materials and hydrodynamics. Several power considerations and designs are discussed, accounting for battery fed and mains fed systems. ROV telemetry is split into a discussion on the various transmission hardware systems and the communication protocols that are most widely used in industry and research today. A range of thruster technologies is then introduced with consideration taken of the various thruster architectures available. Finally, the navigation and positioning sensors employed for ROV navigation and control are reviewed. The author has also created a number of comparison tables throughout the review; tables include comparison of wired data transmission technology, comparison of common ROV communication protocols and comparisons of various inertial navigation systems. By the end of the review the reader will have clearer understanding on the fundamentals of inspection-class ROV technologies and can use this as an introduction to further paper investigation.