Exploring PERMA in spectator sport: Applying positive psychology to examine the individual-level benefits of sport consumption

Abstract

Highlights• We focus on examining the benefits of spectating from the individual's perspective.• Positive psychology and the PERMA framework are applied to spectator sport.• We reveal how positive emotions, relationships, meaning and accomplishment are activated during the season, and in the off-season.• Managerial actions focus on fostering the relationships derived through spectating.