Excreta-related infections and the role of sanitation in the control of transmission

Abstract

This chapter examines the role sanitation (in its widest sense) plays in preventing the transmission of excreta-related diseases. The proper management of excreta acts as the primary barrier to prevent the spread of pathogens in the environment. It, thus, directly impacts disease transmission through person-toperson contact, water and the food chain. This chapter focuses on the health dimensions and relative importance of sanitation measures, and discusses technical options for the containment and treatment of excreta. It highlights the need to consider water-related guidelines and standards in terms of the ‘greater picture’, utilising an integrated approach rather than proceeding on a case by case basis.