Validation Household Dietary Diversity Score (HDDS) to Identify Food Insecure Households in Industrial Area

Abstract

Majority of poor households in industrial areas work as factory labors. They were at risk to food insecurity due to low income. Quantitatively, food insecurity determining based on energy adequacy level (<70%). One of the qualitative method that developed by Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) is Household Dietary Diversity Score (HDDS). This instrument has not been tested in Indonesia as an alternative method to identify household food insecurity, especially in industrial area. This study aimed to validate the HDDS to identify food insecure households in the industrial area. Cross sectional study was conducted in Wanaherang village, Gunung Putri sub district, Bogor district on May until October 2013. The result showed that 83.5% of total household consumed more than six foods group, but most of them has a low energy adequacy level (±70% RDA). Quantitative validation using energy adequacy level as a gold standard. Sensitivity analysis showed HDDS sensitive 22.03% to identify food insecure households. Specificity analysis showed HDDS specific 90.91% to identify food secure households. HDDS was modified by food categories based on nutritional function, namely source of carbohydrates, fat, animal protein, vegetable protein, vitamin and mineral and others. Sensitivity analysis showed HDDS modification was sensitive 86.44% to identify food insecure households. Specificity analysis showed HDDS modification was specific 50.00% to identify food secure households. High sensitivity implies that HDDS modification was able to identify food insecure households.