Equivalent Left-Handed/Right-Handed Metamaterial's Circuit Model for the Massless Dirac Fermions With Negative Refraction

Abstract

A new circuit model for the graphene p-n junction (PNJ) is introduced, which is based on the model proposed by Cheianov , using equivalent quantum circuit elements. Our model is similar to the transmission line circuit model for the interface of left-handed/right-handed materials in optics and microwave circuits. To better observe the negative refraction behavior, the wave transfer from one side to another side of the junction has been simulated using HSPICE, showing a collective response just at the mirror point of the signal point. We discuss the possibility of the negative refraction of the electrons in other materials. Extending our modeling procedure from the Dirac-based graphene to the Schro¿dinger-based semiconductors, we model the negative refraction of the charge carriers in the PNJ of other materials.