Project Management Journal · 2011 · 37 citations · 54 references
ManagementStrategic ManagementStrategyBusiness StrategyStrategic ChangeStrategic PlanningOrganizational AlignmentOrganizational StrategyStrategic AlignmentStrategic ExecutionStrategy ExecutionStrategy FormulationAdaptive SystemsAlignment During Organizational ChangeProgram ManagementStatistical Significance TestingStatistical TestingStrategic Alignment ModelStudy Model Analysis
Alignment between formulation and implementation of business strategy can be important for achieving successful programs. The authors have explored the development of a program management alignment theory. Statistical testing showed that interaction between the study model variables was found to be multidimensional, complex, and subtle in influence. Thus, the authors conclude that programs have both deliberate and emergent strategies requiring design and management to be organized as complex adaptive systems. Program life-cycle phases of design and transition were often formed from an unclear and confusing strategic picture at the outset, which can make those phases difficult to control. Learning was established as an underlying challenge. The study model demonstrated continuous alignment as an essential attribute contributing toward successful delivery. This requires program design and structure to adopt an adaptive posture.
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Coefficient Alpha and the Internal Structure of Tests
Lee J. Cronbach · Psychometrika · 1951 · 43.2K citations · Full text
Social Sciences, Educational Assessment, Educational Measurement +14
J. Scott Armstrong, David M. Georgoff · International Journal of Forecasting · 1988 · 18.2K citations
Of strategies, deliberate and emergent
Henry Mintzberg, James A. Waters · Strategic Management Journal · 1985 · 4.5K citations