Spectral variability and bidirectional reflectance behaviour of urban materials at a 20 cm spatial resolution in the visible and near‐infrared wavelengths. A case study over Toulouse (France)

Abstract

Abstract This letter presents an experiment carried out in Toulouse in May 2004 to study the spectral variability and bidirectional reflectance behaviour of urban materials. The measurements were carried out at a 20 cm spatial resolution in the visible and near‐infrared (350–2500 nm). These measurements allow quantification of three main types of reflectance spatial variability. In addition to these in situ experiments, the bidirectional properties of urban material samples were studied in the laboratory with a goniometer. Acknowledgments The authors would like to acknowledge the university du Littoral de la Côte d'Opale for having supplied the ASD field spectrometer; G. Gamelin and N. Naudet for their participation in this trial; and also the CNES supporting this research.