Studies on the Utilization of Full Fat Sunflower Seed in Broiler Rations

Abstract

Sunflower seed samples grown locally were analyzed for proximate composition and then fed to broiler chicks in four different feeding trials. Two experiments were conducted in battery cages using semipurified diets and two in conventional floor pens with practical type diets. Whole sunflower seed was tested as full-fat raw (SSFR) or full-fat steamed or heated as a source of protein and energy. Ether extract, calcium, phosphorus, and crude fiber levels in the local sunflower seeds were low when compared to literature values. No significant differences were detected with respect to average body weight, feed consumption, feed efficiency, mortality, or organ weights (liver and pancreas) when full-fat raw or heated sunflower seed was incorporated at the 0, 10, and 20% level in semipurified diets when birds were raised in cages. Neither a detrimental nor a beneficial effect of steaming or dry heating was observed on the utilization of sunflower seed by broilers. There was, however, a significant reduction in body weight at the 30% level of incorporation in semipurified diets. Liver and pancreas weights tended to increase with an increase in the SSFR level in the ration, but the differences were not statistically significant. In broilers raised in floor pens and fed practical type diets, SSFR addition decreased body weights when fed at 15 or 25% of the diet in one of the experiments and feed intake was reduced in both experiments. It was concluded that in practical type broiler rations, SSFR can constitute at least 10% of the ration without any adverse effect on performance.