Journal of Black Studies · 2003 · 218 citations · 27 references
EthnicityDiscriminationRacial PrejudiceEducationAfrican American AdolescentsSocial SciencesPsychologyRacial IdentityRacePerceived Discriminatory ExperiencesAvoidance Coping StrategiesAfrican American StudiesRacial GroupRacismMinority StressEthnic DiscriminationSocial IdentityRacialization StudiesIntersectionalityInterracial RelationshipSociologyRacial Socialization
This study purposed to explore whether the strategies used by African American adolescents to cope with perceived discriminatory experiences were related to their racial identity and racial socialization. Results indicated that the degree to which race was central to participant's self-conceptions and identities was unrelated to both approach and avoidance coping strategies. In contrast, the frequency to which participants received socialization messages concerning racism from their parents and/or guardians was related to the use of approach coping strategies but unrelated to avoidance coping strategies. The importance of a more systematic focus on African American adolescent stress and coping is discussed.
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Racism as a stressor for African Americans: A biopsychosocial model.
Rodney Clark, Norman B. Anderson, Vernessa R. Clark et al. · American Psychologist · 1999 · 2.2K citations
Racism as a stressor for African Americans: A biopsychosocial model.
Rodney Clark, Norman B. Anderson, Vernessa R. Clark et al. · American Psychologist · 1999 · 2K citations