The Role of Stereotype Threats in Undermining Girls’ and Women’s Performance and Interest in STEM Fields

Stereotype threat and the intellectual test performance of African Americans.

J. Aronson · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · 1995 · 8K citations

Social Sciences, Psychology, Social Psychology +17

A threat in the air: How stereotypes shape intellectual identity and performance.

Claude M. Steele · American Psychologist · 1997 · 4.8K citations

Social Sciences, Psychology, Social Psychology +12

A threat in the air: How stereotypes shape intellectual identity and performance.

Claude M. Steele · American Psychologist · 1997 · 4.8K citations

Social Sciences, Psychology, Social Psychology +12

Stereotype Threat and Women's Math Performance

Steven J. Spencer, Claude M. Steele, Diane M. Quinn · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · 1999 · 3.4K citations

Social Sciences, Educational Psychology, Psychology +14

A question of belonging: Race, social fit, and achievement.

Gregory M. Walton, Geoffrey L. Cohen · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · 2007 · 2.1K citations

Social Sciences, Educational Psychology, Psychology +17