Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · 1993 · 855 citations · 24 references
ManagementEducational PsychologyPsychologyGoal SettingIndividual DifferencesPsychometricsGoal AttainmentGoal CommitmentPerformance GoalsPsychological Well-beingAchievement Goal TheoryLongitudinal Correlation StudyPersonal Goal CommitmentPersonal GoalsStudent Well-beingWell-being
The study investigated whether commitment, attainability, and progress of personal goals predict students’ subjective well‑being over a semester. Eighty‑eight students listed their personal goals at term start, and goal attributes and well‑being were assessed across four time points. Commitment moderated how attainability influenced well‑being, while progress mediated the interaction between commitment and attainability on well‑being, highlighting the need to refine theories linking personal goals to subjective well‑being.
This study examined the extent to which 3 dimensions of personal goals - commitment, attainability, and progress - were predictive of students' subjective well-being over 1 semester. At the beginning of a new term, 88 Ss provided a list of their personal goals. Goal attributes and subjective well-being were measured at 4 testing periods. Goal commitment was found to moderate the extent to which differences in goal attainability accounted for changes in subjective well-being. Progress in goal achievement mediated the erect of the Goal Commitment × Goal Attainability on Subjective Well-Being interaction. Results are discussed in terms of a need for addition and refinement of assumptions linking personal goals to subjective well-being
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Multiple regression: testing and interpreting interactions
Choice Reviews Online · 1992 · 37.2K citations