Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies · 2011 · 425 citations · 41 references
ManagementLeadershipOrganizational BehaviorEthical LeadershipLeadership AssessmentLeadership TheoryEthical Leadership AssessmentLeadership EffectivenessCriterion ValidityCriterion Validity AssessmentEthical Leadership BehaviorEthical Leadership Scale DevelopmentLeader-member Exchange TheoryManagerial EffectivenessQuestionnaire ValidityWork Performance Measurement
Ethical leadership has been conceptually confusing, with existing measures lacking key indicators or including irrelevant behaviors. The study aims to validate a new ethical leadership questionnaire and explore its links to leader–member exchange and unit performance. The authors evaluated the questionnaire’s criterion‑related validity and analyzed its association with leader–member exchange and work unit performance. Results show that ethical leadership modestly but significantly predicts leader–member exchange and managerial effectiveness.
The appropriate way to define and measure ethical leadership has been a source of conceptual confusion in the leadership literature. Different measures have been developed, but they all have limitations. Some questionnaires are missing key indicators of ethical leadership, or they include behaviors that do not seem directly relevant. In this study, the authors assess the validity of a new questionnaire for measuring essential aspects of ethical leadership independently of other types of leader behavior. The research also examines how ethical leadership is related to leader–member exchange and work unit performance. Although the primary purpose of these analyses is to assess criterion-related validity for the new questionnaire, the results help answer important questions about the benefits of ethical leadership. The authors found that ethical leadership makes a small but significant contribution to the explanation of leader–member exchange and managerial effectiveness.
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