Sensitivity and Specificity of Urinary Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin and Kidney Injury Molecule-1 for the Diagnosis of Renal Cell Carcinoma

Abstract

NGAL is not a sensitive or specific urinary biomarker of kidney cancer. Although KIM-1 had diagnostic sensitivity for kidney cancer, it is well known to reflect many types of kidney injuries, thus limiting its specificity as a diagnostic biomarker for renal cancer.