ISOLATION OF ß1F-GLOBULIN FROM HUMAN SERUM AND ITS CHARACTERIZATION AS THE FIFTH COMPONENT OF COMPLEMENT

TLDR

Complement activation requires three factors for converting the thermolabile intermediate complex EAC'1a,4,2a to a thermostable state, including the known beta(1C)-globulin, the newly identified beta(1F)-globulin, and an as‑yet undefined third factor. Kinetic studies showed beta(1C) reacts first, followed by beta(1F) and then the third factor, and a purification protocol was developed to isolate highly purified beta(1C) (C'3), beta(1F) (C'5), and partially purified C'6. The three components were tentatively named C'3, C'5, and C'6; beta(1F) (C'5) requires C'6 for immune hemolysis, and C'5 and C'6 form a functional complex also present in fresh serum.

Abstract

At least 3 complement factors were found necessary for the conversion of the thermolabile intermediate complex EAC'1a,4,2a to a thermostable state. One of these factors is the earlier described beta(1C)-globulin. The second, a heretofore unrecorded serum protein, beta(1F)-globulin. The third factor has not yet been defined as a discrete serum protein entity. Kinetic experiments indicated that beta(1C) reacted prior to beta(1F), which in turn seemed to precede the third factor in the reaction sequence. Therefore, the 3 components were tentatively designated the third (C'3), the fifth (C'5), and the sixth (C'6) components of complement, respectively. A procedure was developed allowing the isolation of highly purified beta(1C)-(C'3) and beta(1F)-globulin (C'5) and of partially purified C'6. With respect to its function in immune hemolysis, beta(1F)-globulin or C'5 was found to be closely dependent on the simultaneous presence of C'6. The hypothesis that C'5 and C'6 form a functional unit was supported by the finding that both components interact with each other in solution resulting in the formation of a complex. A similar complex was also found in fresh human serum.