Presumed incompetent? Stigmatization and affirmative action efforts.

TLDR

The studies examined whether affiliation with affirmative action programs leads to a stigma of incompetence. The authors used a lab experiment with 129 undergraduates evaluating fictitious job applicants varying by gender and affirmative‑action status, and a field survey of 184 White men reporting on coworkers. Affirmative‑action labeling lowered perceived competence of women applicants regardless of job sex‑typing, and this bias extended to coworkers of White women, Black men, and Black women.

Abstract

Two studies investigated whether a stigma of incompetence marks those associated with affirmative action programs. In an experiment, 129 male and female undergraduates reviewed the application materials of someone said to be recently hired for one of two jobs. The hiree was either a man or a woman, and the woman either was or was not associated with an affirmative action program. The affirmative action label was found to negatively affect the perceived competence of women hirees regardless of the degree to which the job was male sex-typed. A field investigation in which 184 White men provided information about their co-workers supported these results. It additionally demonstrated that the relationship between perceived competence and presumed affirmative action status held not only when co-workers were White women but when they were Black men and Black women as well