<i>In vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> anti‐tumour activities of echinoside A and <i>ds</i>‐echinoside A from <i>Pearsonothuria graeffei</i>

Abstract

EA and DSEA exhibit marked anti-cancer activity in HepG2 cells, by blocking cell-cycle progression and inducing apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway. DSEA-induced apoptosis was more potent than EA-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, the two triterpene glycosides derived from P. graeffei may induce apoptosis of HepG2 cells in an NF-κB-dependent or NF-κB-independent manner, depending on their structure.