Reviews of Modern Physics · 1999 · 476 citations · 45 references
Natural SciencesMaterials SciencePhysicsCondensed Matter PhysicsQuantum MechanicsTheoretical PhysicsElectronic Band StructureQuantum Hall PhysicsSpintronicsTopological MaterialsTopological Phases Of MatterFractional Quantum Hall EffectHall Conductance QuantizationHall EffectQuantum Hall Plateau TransitionQuantum Hall Plateaus
Two‑dimensional electron systems in high magnetic fields exhibit strange behavior that emerges from highly correlated motion rather than individual electrons. Electrons absorb magnetic flux quanta, changing their statistics and effectively consuming the magnetic field. The system displays rational fractional quantum numbers, fractionally charged particles, and condenses into novel bosonic and fermionic ground states.
Two-dimensional electron systems in a high magnetic field behave very strangely. They exhibit rational fractional quantum numbers and contain exactly fractionally charged particles. Electrons seem to absorb magnetic flux quanta, altering their statistics and consuming the magnetic field. They condense into a manifold of novel ground states of boson and fermion character. These fascinating properties are not characteristic of any individual electron but rather emerge from the highly correlated motion of many.
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Electronic properties of two-dimensional systems
Tsuneya Ando, A. B. Fowler, Frank Stern · Reviews of Modern Physics · 1982 · 7.4K citations
Natural Sciences, Chemistry, Physics +16
Philip W. Anderson · Science · 1972 · 3.8K citations