Idazoxan attenuates spinal cord injury by enhanced astrocytic activation and reduced microglial activation in rat experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

Interleukin-23 rather than interleukin-12 is the critical cytokine for autoimmune inflammation of the brain

Jonathan Sherlock, Yi Chen, Craig A. Murphy et al. · Nature · 2003 · 2.9K citations

Life Sciences, Immunology, Neuroscience +14

Astrocytes present myelin basic protein to encephalitogenic T-cell lines

A. Fontana, Walter Fierz, Hartmut Wekerle · Nature · 1984 · 769 citations

Life Sciences, Neurobiology, Neuroscience +14

Oral tolerance to myelin basic protein and natural recovery from experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis are associated with downregulation of inflammatory cytokines and differential upregulation of transforming growth factor beta, interleukin 4, and prostaglandin E expression in the brain.

Samia J. Khoury, Wayne W. Hancock, Howard L. Weiner · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · 1992 · 719 citations · Full text

Life Sciences, Immunology, Neuroscience +17

Antigen presentation and tumor cytotoxicity by interferon‐γ‐treated microglial cells

Karl Frei, Christine Siepl, Peter Groscurth et al. · European Journal of Immunology · 1987 · 640 citations

Life Sciences, Cell Biology, Immunology +15

Induction of calcium-independent nitric oxide synthase activity in primary rat glial cultures.

Elena Galea, Douglas L. Feinstein, D.J. Reis · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · 1992 · 484 citations

Life Sciences, Neurobiology, Neuroscience +14