GC‐MS identification of volatile components of Galician (Northwestern Spain) white wines. Application to differentiate Rías Baixas wines from wines produced in nearby geographical regions

Abstract

Abstract A capillary gas chromatoaraphy‐ion trap mass spectrometry linked technique improved with a programmable temperature injector was applied to identify some volatile components (more than 100 compounds) in certified brand of origin (CBO) Rias Baixas white wines. Some of them have not been previously reported in young white wines. Forty of these components were determined by capillary gas chromatogtaphy with flame ionisation detection in Rias Baixas wines and in other Galician white wines. By means of muitivariate techniques of data exploration as hierarchical cluster analysis and principal components analysis two main groups of samples (Rias Baixas and non‐Rias Baixas wines) were observed. However, some outliers were also pointed out among the two groups of wines. One sample elaborated with Albariño grapes out of the delimited Rias Baixas area showed the most anomalous behaviour. Two samples CBO Rias Baixas seemed to be produced by mixture of grape varieties not allowed by the CBO regulations. Exploratory analysis results were confirmed using supervised techniques of data classification as K ‐nearest neighbours and soft independent modelling of class analogies.