Garlic (Allium sativum): diet based therapy of 21st century–a review

TLDR

Garlic, a widely used culinary and herbal plant rich in phytochemicals, is gaining popularity as a functional food that may improve health and reduce disease risk. This review examines garlic’s nutraceutical effects on dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, cardiovascular disease, antioxidant capacity, and cancer risk.

Abstract

Functional and nutraceutical foods provide an opportunity to improve one's health by reducing health care costs and to support economic development in rural communities. For this reason, various phyto-based functional foods are becoming popular worldwide owing to number of evidences for their safer therapeutic applications. Garlic (Allium sativum L.,) is an essential vegetable that has been widely utilized as seasoning, flavoring, culinary and in herbal remedies. The consumption of traditional plants especially garlic has progressively increased worldwide because of their great effectiveness, fewer side effects and relatively low cost. Garlic is well known to contain an array of phytochemicals. These bioactive molecules are playing pivotal role in maintaining human health and having potential to reduce various ailments. It has distinct nutritional profile with special reference to its various bioactive components that can be used in different diet based therapies to cure various life-style related disorders. The present review is an attempt to explore the functional/nutraceutical role of garlic against various threats including dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia, cardiovascular disorders, antioxidant capacity and carcinogenic perspectives.