Freeze-Drying of Liposomes: Theory and Practice

Annealing to optimize the primary drying rate, reduce freezing‐induced drying rate heterogeneity, and determine T'g in pharmaceutical lyophilization

James A. Searles, John F. Carpenter, Theodore W. Randolph · Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences · 2001 · 308 citations

Pharmacy, Food Science, Lyophilization +13

The secondary drying stage of freeze drying: drying kinetics as a function of temperature and chamber pressure☆

Michael J. Pikal, Saroj Shah, Mainak Roy et al. · International Journal of Pharmaceutics · 1990 · 236 citations

Pharmacy, Food Science, Materials Science +14

Is Vitrification Sufficient to Preserve Liposomes during Freeze-Drying?

John H. Crowe, Samuel Leslie, Lois M. Crowe · Cryobiology · 1994 · 209 citations

Pharmacy, Biochemistry, Food Science +12

Effects of Vitrified and Nonvitrified Sugars on Phosphatidylcholine Fluid-to-Gel Phase Transitions

Karen L. Koster, Yao Lei, Matthew Anderson et al. · Biophysical Journal · 2000 · 198 citations · Full text

Natural Sciences, Biochemistry, Biophysics +14

Measurement of Glass Transition Temperatures of Freeze-Concentrated Solutes by Differential Scanning Calorimetry

Lih‐Min Her, Steven L. Nail · Pharmaceutical Research · 1994 · 145 citations

Natural Sciences, Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry +13