Reverse Logistics is a supply chain management process that encompasses the planning, implementation, and control of the efficient, cost-effective flow of raw materials, in-process inventory, finished goods, and related information from the point of consumption to the point of origin for the purpose of recapturing value or proper disposal, distinguishing it from forward logistics by its逆向 flow and focus on product recovery, remanufacturing, recycling, and waste management within sustainable operations and circular economy frameworks.