Improving supercapacitor performance with novel potato starch-PVA solid polymer electrolyte blend modified by sodium perchlorate-glycerol additives

Abstract

The synthesis and analysis of Solid Polymer Electrolytes (SPEs) derived from a blend of Potato Starch and Poly Vinyl Alcohol (PS-PVA), enhanced with Sodium perchlorate salt (NaClO 4 ) and Glycerol (GCL) are explored in this work. Our focus is on their suitability for Electrical Double-Layer Capacitor (EDLC) devices. GCL, a non-toxic substance, served as the plasticizer, and sodium perchlorate was incorporated to enhance the ionic conductivity of the SPE film. The conductivity at room temperature for pure PS-PVA blend, in the absence of salt and GCL, was found to be 4.16 × 10 −8 S cm −1 . Upon adding an optimized quantity of NaClO 4 salt, the conductivity increased to 1.02 × 10 −5 S cm −1 . Subsequent plasticization of the salt-polymer blend with GCL induced NaClO 4 dissociation, further augmenting the conductivity by one order of magnitude. A conductivity value of 10.35 × 10 −5 S cm −1 was achieved for the film with 30 wt% GCL. Morphological, electrical, and structural analyses revealed that synthesized polymer films exhibited favorable characteristics. The suitability of these electrolytes for Electric Double-Layer Capacitors (EDLC) was studied using electrochemical characterizations and cycling tests for 2000 cycles. The findings demonstrate their potential for use in energy storage devices, showcasing excellent performance in specific capacitance, energy, and power densities. • Solid Polymer Electrolytes were synthesized using a blend of potato starch and polyvinyl alcohol (PS-PVA). • The addition of NaClO 4 salt and glycerol increased the conductivity of the PS-PVA blend. • LSV value of 3.3 V was obtained from the optimized polymer blend. • Results show strong potential for energy storage applications with excellent performance.