Distinct roles of Smad pathways and p38 pathways in cartilage-specific gene expression in synovial fibroblasts

Abstract

Nonstandard abbreviations used: anterior cruciate ligament (ACL); bone morphogenetic protein (BMP); constitutively active activin receptor-like kinase 3 (ALK3 CA ); constitutively active MKK6 (MKK6 CA ); hemagglutinin (HA); matrix metalloproteinase (MMP); medial meniscus (MM); osteoarthritis (OA