Peer effects in private and public schools across countries

TLDR

School composition, particularly peer characteristics, influences individual educational attainment, yet systematic empirical studies of peer effects remain scarce. This study investigates peer effects using a unique dataset of student achievement and detailed family, teacher, school, and peer characteristics across five countries. The dataset enables analysis of peer effects in both private and public schools across all five countries. Peer effects significantly influence educational achievement, especially for low‑ability students, and this pattern holds across countries but varies by school type. © 2000 Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management.

Abstract

Many argue that the composition of a school or classroom-that is, the characteristics of the students themselves-affect the educational attainment of an individual student. This influence of the students in a classroom is often referred to as a peer effect. There have been few systematic studies that empirically examine the peer effect in the educational process. In this research, we examine the peer effect with a unique data set that includes individual student achievement scores and comprehensive characteristics of the students' families, teachers, other school characteristics, and peers for five countries. The data allow an examination of peer effects in both private and public schools in all countries. Our analysis indicates that peer effects are a significant determinant of educational achievement; the effects of peers appear to be greater for low-ability students than for high-ability students. The finding is robust across countries but not robust across school type. © 2000 by the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management.