Multigrating design for integrated single-atom trapping, manipulation, and readout

Abstract

An on-chip multigrating device is proposed to interface single atoms and integrated photonic circuits, by guiding and focusing lasers to the area $\ensuremath{\sim}10 \ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{m}$ above the chip for trapping, state manipulation, and readout of single rubidium atoms. For the optical dipole trap, two 850-nm laser beams are diffracted and overlapped to form the lattice of a single-atom dipole trap, with the diameter of the optical dipole trap being around 2.7 $\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{m}$. Similar gratings are designed for guiding a 780-nm probe laser to excite and also collect the fluorescence of $^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ atoms. Such a device provides a compact solution for future applications of single atoms, including the single-photon source, single-atom quantum register, and single-atom quantum sensor.