A Conceptual Model for Blockchain-Based Agriculture Food Supply Chain System

TLDR

Traceability is essential for food safety and customer loyalty, yet centralized data storage creates quality assurance gaps and communication barriers; blockchain offers decentralized transparency, traceability, and security across the supply chain. The study proposes a fully decentralized blockchain traceability model to ensure integrity and transparency across the supply chain. The model coordinates all supply‑chain transactions through smart contracts within a fully decentralized blockchain framework. The model eliminates most disadvantages of traditional supply chains, improving communication and traceability.

Abstract

In agriculture supply chain management, traceability is a crucial aspect to ensure food safety for increasing customer loyalty and satisfaction. Lack of quality assurance in centralized data storage makes us move towards a new approach based on a decentralized system in which transparency and quality assurance is guaranteed throughout the supply chain from producer to consumer. The current supply chain model has some disadvantages like a communication gap between the entities of the supply chain and no information about the travel history and origin of the product. The use of technology improves the communication and relation between various farmers and stakeholders. Blockchain technology acquires transparency and traceability in the supply chain, provides transaction records traceability, and enhances security for the whole supply chain. In this paper, we present a blockchain-based, fully decentralized traceability model that ensures the integrity and transparency of the system. This new model eliminated most of the disadvantages of the traditional supply chain. For the coordination of all transactions in the supply chain, we proposed a decentralized supply chain model along with a smart contract.