Personalized Antiplatelet Therapy Based on CYP2C19 Genotypes in Chinese ACS Patients Undergoing PCI: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract

<b>Background:</b> The clinical benefits of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C19 genotype-guided antiplatelet therapy in Asians remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the clinical outcomes of pharmacogenomic antiplatelet therapy in Chinese patients. <b>Methods:</b> Patients with acute coronary syndrome planning to undergo percutaneous coronary intervention were eligible for this study and were randomly divided into a genotype-guided treatment (GT) group and routine treatment (RT) group, with a ratio of 2:1. Patients in the GT group underwent CYP2C19 genotyping (^*2 and ^*3 alleles), and the results were considered in selecting P2Y₁₂ receptor inhibitors. Patients in the RT group were treated with P2Y₁₂ receptor inhibitors according to their clinical characteristics. The primary endpoint was a composite of major adverse cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events (MACCE). The secondary endpoint was significant bleeding events. <b>Results:</b> Finally, 301 patients were enrolled; 75.1% were men and the mean age was 59.7 ± 9.8 years. In total, 281 patients completed the follow-up procedure. The primary endpoint occurred in 16 patients, 6 patients in the GT group and 10 in the RT group. The GT group showed lower MACCE rates than the RT group (6/189 vs. 10/92, 3.2 vs. 10.9%, hazard ratio: 0.281, 95% confidence interval: 0.102-0.773, <i>P</i> = 0.009). There was no statistically difference in significant bleeding events between the GT and RT groups (4.2 vs. 3.3%, hazard ratio: 1.315, 95% confidence interval: 0.349-4.956, <i>P</i> = 0.685). <b>Conclusion:</b> Personalized antiplatelet therapy that is based on CYP2C19 genotypes could decrease MACCE within a 12-month period in Chinese patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. <b>Clinical Trial Registration:</b> http://www.chictr.org.cn, identifier: ChiCTR2000034352.