A smart diagnostic tool based on deep kernel learning for on-site determination of phosphate, calcium, and magnesium concentration in a hydroponic system

Abstract

respectively. Furthermore, the DKL was implemented for the first time in the third platform (LabVIEW) and deployed to determine three ions in a real on-site hydroponic system. The open architecture of the SDT allowed posting the measured results on a cloud computer. This would help growers monitor their plants' nutrients conveniently. The informative data about the three mentioned ions that have no commercial sensors so far, could be adapted to the other components to develop a fully automated fertigation system for hydroponic production.