Long-term outcomes following Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) diagnosis in adulthood

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Early diagnosis of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) is known to improve outcomes in children. It is less clear if diagnosis in adulthood also conveys benefits. This study investigated long-term outcomes for individuals diagnosed with FASD after 18 years of age. METHOD: Twenty adults aged 18-45 years at FASD diagnosis were interviewed. Pre-diagnosis information was compared to follow-up information gathered between 1 and 11 years later. RESULTS: Individuals reported high rates of mental health disorders (55%) and unemployment (85%). Pre-diagnosis, 10% received disability income and 15% were eligible for intellectual disability (ID) services. At follow-up, 90% received disability income and 85% were eligible for ID services. All (100%) enacted at least one assessment recommendation and 75% enacted two. Most (75%) reported having a diagnosis was beneficial, providing better adaptation and self-understanding. CONCLUSION: An FASD diagnosis in adulthood can benefit individuals through more access to supports/services and greater personal understanding and adaptation.