Decentralized Planning of Lithium-Ion Battery Production and Recycling

Abstract

Recycling of lithium-ion batteries enables the recovery of scarce raw materials with lower economic, ecological, and social impacts compared to the primary production. However, the full potential of the recycling can only be reached through cooperation between forward and reverse supply chain. Due to the autonomy of the different companies, the decision-making process in such cooperation is decentralized. In practice, this leads to inefficiencies. Therefore, this contribution aims develop models for the decentralized planning of production and recycling, which are suitable for the application of lithium-ion batteries, and use them to analyze inefficiencies based on a case study.