How Cognition and Motivation “Freeze” the Motor Behavior in Parkinson’s Disease

Abstract

FoG + patients show more deficits in executive functions and in motivation. The main explanatory variables of FoG occurrence are levodopa equivalent dose, age, age at disease onset, and WCST. These data suggest that a specific involvement of frontal cortical circuits in PD is responsible for certain cognitive-behavioral alterations related to the occurrence of FoG.