DRAM errors in the field

Abstract

This paper summarizes our two-year study of corrected and uncor-rected errors on the MareNostrum 3 supercomputer, covering 2000 billion MB-hours of DRAM in the field. The study analyzes 4.5 million corrected and 71 uncorrected DRAM errors and it compares the reliability of DIMMs from all three major memory manufacturers, built in three different technologies.