Effect of a Synbiotic Mix on Intestinal Structural Changes, and Salmonella Typhimurium and Clostridium Perfringens Colonization in Broiler Chickens

Abstract

Synbiotics can prevent gastrointestinal infections in broilers. This work studies the effect of a Synbiotic on broilers. One-day-old male broilers were divided into groups: Control; Synbiotic; Synbiotic + <i>S</i>. Typhimurium; Synbiotic + <i>C. perfringens</i>; Synbiotic + <i>S</i>. Typhimurium + <i>C. perfringens</i>; <i>S</i>. Typhimurium; <i>C. perfringens</i>; and <i>S</i>. Typhimurium + <i>C. perfringens</i>. Histopathological analysis revealed that the Synbiotic promoted longer villi, less deep crypts, and better villi-crypt ratio. Broilers treated with the Synbiotic, infected with pathogens or not, had healthier mucosa. In groups infected with pathogens, the frequency and intensity of histopathologic lesions were lessened often in groups treated with the Synbiotic. The Synbiotic group had higher lactic acid bacteria counts than the Control group on day 39, and the isolation frequency of <i>S</i>. Typhimurium was lower (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the Synbiotic-treated groups. On day 18, mucosa, villi, villi-crypt ratio, crypt, and feed intake were influenced by <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i>. However, on day 39 (end of the trial), those parameters were influenced by lactic acid bacteria. The Synbiotic influenced morphological modifications in the duodenal mucosa, which in turn gave the broilers the ability to resist infections caused by <i>S</i>. Typhimurium and <i>C. perfringens</i>, by inhibiting their growth and decreasing the intensity and frequency of histopathological injuries.