Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) suppresses growth and tumorigenicity in breast cancer cells by downregulation of miR-25

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to investigate the anticancer effects and potential mechanisms of polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on breast cancer MCF-7 cells <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>. Our results showed that EGCG significantly inhibited MCF-7 cell viability in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Flow cytometry analysis indicated that EGCG induced apoptosis and disrupted cell cycle progression at G2/M phase. Moreover, EGCG inhibited miR-25 expression and increased PARP, pro-caspase-3 and pro-caspase-9 at protein levels. Restoration of miR-25 inhibited EGCG-induced cell apoptosis. Furthermore, EGCG suppressed tumor growth <i>in vivo</i> by downregulating the expression of miR-25 and proteins associated with apoptosis, which was further confirmed by a reduction of Ki-67 and increase of pro-apoptotic PARP expression as determined by immunohistochemistry staining. These findings indicate that EGCG possesses chemopreventive potential in breast cancer which may serve as a promising anticancer agent for clinical applications.