Dicamba Absorption and Translocation as Influenced by Formulation and Surfactant

Abstract

Absorption and translocation of 14 C-dicamba (3,6-dichloro- o -anisic acid) in seven salt formulations were determined 60 h after application to leaves of soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr. ‘Williams’] grown in nutrient solution. The dimethylamine (DMA) formulation was consistently absorbed and retained in the plant in amounts equal to or greater (46% of recovered 14 C) than other formulations (which averaged 19% of recovered 14 C) when applied without surfactant. Absorption and subsequent retention of the DMA formulation in the plant was least affected of all formulations by the addition of a surfactant. With a surfactant, absorption of the DMA, monoethanolamine (MEA), and inorganic salt formulations was similar (>75% of recovered 14 C). Addition of seven surfactants to the K-salt of dicamba increased both the amount of 14 C absorbed by 35 to 56% and the amount recovered in the plant. All surfactants except one enhanced absorption of the K-salt of dicamba to a similar degree. Dicamba exhibited predominantly symplastic translocation with the majority of 14 C being recovered in the new second trifoliolate leaves and nutrient solution. As much as 66% of the radioactivity absorbed through the leaves was exuded by roots into the nutrient solution 60 h after leaf treatment.