Fructosyltransferases: The Enzymes Catalyzing Production of Fructooligosaccharides

Abstract

This article reviews the information about fructosyltransferases, the enzymes producing important prebiotic compounds, fructooligosaccharides. The chemical structure, safety and physiological effects, preparation and application of fructooligosaccharides are discussed. Plant and microbial sources of fructosyltransferases are presented. A detailed description is devoted to the mechanisms of action, substrate specificities, and regioselectivities of fructosyltransferases. Their physicochemical and catalytic properties are also discussed. Finally, the methods of purification of fructosyltransferases reported in literature are summarized in respect to the yield and factor of purification.