Spin Seebeck effect in the antiferromagnet nickel oxide at room temperature

Abstract

The generation of spin currents by thermal gradients applied to a magnetic film is known as the spin Seebeck effect (SSE). The SSE is usually detected by an electric voltage generated in a metallic layer in contact with the magnetic film produced by the spin to charge current conversion through the inverse spin Hall effect (ISHE). The SSE has been widely studied in bilayers made of the insulating ferrimagnet yttrium iron garnet (YIG) and metals with large spin orbit coupling, such as platinum. Recently, the SSE has been observed in bilayers made of the antiferromagnets MnF2 and Cr2O3 with Pt at low temperatures and high magnetic fields. Here, we report measurements of the SSE at room temperature and low magnetic fields in bilayers made of well textured films of antiferromagnetic NiO with several metals. The detection of the spin current generated by the thermal gradient in the NiO layer is made by means of the ISHE in the nonmagnetic metals Pt and Ta, in the AF metal IrMn, and in the ferromagnetic metal Ni81Fe19 (permalloy). The measured spin Seebeck effect in NiO/Pt has the same sign and is about one order of magnitude smaller than in YIG/Pt.