Comparison of fruit quality and GC–MS-based metabolite profiling of kiwifruit ‘Jecy green’: Natural and exogenous ethylene-induced ripening

Abstract

We applied exogenous ethylene to 'Jecy green' kiwifruit to elucidate the differences in fruit quality and metabolite profiling between naturally ripe (NR) and ethylene-induced ripe (ER) kiwifruit. Kiwifruit were exposed to ethylene (200μL/L) for 12h at 20°C and maintained for 9days at 20°C. Two metabolites of ascorbic acid and arabinose significantly decreased during kiwifruit ripening regardless of the ripening method. The concentrations of sucrose, myo-inositol, citric acid, and malic acid in NR fruit were substantially higher than those in ER fruit, while the concentrations of fructose, glucose, and quinic acid in ER fruit were higher than those in NR fruit. NR and ER kiwifruit were statistically similar in regard to overall sensory profile, even though the metabolite profiling showed a little difference. The application of ethylene to 'Jecy green' kiwifruit to regulate ripening for commercial purposes can result in good quality fruit without side effects.