Enhanced planar perovskite solar cells with efficiency exceeding 16% via reducing the oxygen vacancy defect state in titanium oxide electrode

Abstract

using high oxygen flux and subsequent ultraviolet ozone treatment. As a consequence, repeatable power conversion efficiency (PCE) is propelled to as high as 16.62%, coupled with negligible hysteresis and increased stability. These results provide a significant implication for further perfecting efficient and stable p-PSCs for their record efficiency.