Screening and Identification of Novel Ochratoxin A-Producing Fungi from Grapes

Abstract

Ochratoxin A (OTA) contamination has been established as a world-wide problem. In this study, the strains with the ability of OTA production were screened by analyzing the green fluorescence of the isolates colonies from the grapes in Zhenjiang with 365 nm UV light and confirmed by HPLC with fluorescent detection (HPLC-FLD). The results showed that seven isolates acquired the characteristic of the fluorescence, of which only five showed the ability of OTA production as confirmed by HPLC-FLD analysis. The five OTA-producing strains were identified based on comparative sequence analysis of three conserved genes (<i>ITS</i>, <i>BenA</i> and <i>RPB2</i>) of the strains, and they are <i>Talaromyces rugulosus</i> (O1 and Q3), <i>Penicillium commune</i> (V5-1)<i>, Penicillium rubens</i> (MQ-5) and <i>Aspergillus aculeatus</i> (MB1-1). There are two <i>Penicillium</i> species of the five OTA-producing strains and our study is the first to report that <i>P. rubens</i>, <i>T. rugulosus</i> and <i>A. aculeatus</i> can produce OTA. This work would contribute to comprehensively understanding the fungi with an OTA-producing ability in grapes before harvest and then take effective measures to prevent OTA production.