Human Rights and World Public Order

Abstract

International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and its Optional Protocol.Close observation reveals that this emerging global Bill of Rights has all the features of the bills of rights in mature national communities, to wit: deliberate and customary prescription, application to all parties (official and non-official), invocation by injured parties, and subjection to termination only by the same modalities as by which created.From a dynamic perspective, this developing International Bill of Human Rights has been greatly fortified by various ancillary instruments dealing with particular categories of participants (women, refugees, stateless persons, youths, children, mentally retarded persons), particular value categories or subject matters (genocide, apartheid, discrimination, racial discrimination, sex-based discrimination, slavery, forced labor, nationality, employment, education, marriage), by the decisions and recommendations of international governmental organizations (especially the various organs and entities of the United Nations), and by customary developments in the transnational arena.For a convenient collection of these human rights instruments, see UNrrED