Global justice is a field of inquiry within political philosophy, ethics, and international relations that examines the principles of fairness, rights, and duties applicable to individuals, states, and institutions in an interconnected global context. This academic concept investigates the moral evaluation of global arrangements and challenges, such as inequality, poverty, human rights, and environmental issues, seeking to articulate normative frameworks and obligations that transcend national boundaries. Characterized by its focus on the moral standing of all persons regardless of nationality, its significance lies in providing critical perspectives on global structures and advocating for morally defensible international relations and institutions.