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Optimisation and validation of a HS-SPME–GC–IT/MS method for analysis of carbonyl volatile compounds as biomarkers in human urine: Application in a pilot study to discriminate individuals with smoking habits

Tobacco ControlGas ChromatographyBioanalysisBiostatisticsToxicologyAnalytical ChemistryClinical ChemistrySmoking HabitsPublic HealthHuman BiomonitoringChromatographyCarbonyl Volatile CompoundsMetabolomicsPharmacologyHuman UrineMass SpectrometryMedicineExposomicsDrug Analysis