Brain Tumor Classification Using Wavelet and Texture Based Neural Network

Abstract

Brain tumor is one of the major causes of death among people. It is evident that the chances of survival can be increased if the tumor is detected and classified correctly at its early stage. Conventional methods involve invasive techniques such as biopsy, lumbar puncture and spinal tap method, to detect and classify brain tumors into benign (non cancerous) and malignant (cancerous). A computer aided diagnosis algorithm has been designed so as to increase the accuracy of brain tumor detection and classification, and thereby replace conventional invasive and time consuming techniques. This paper introduces an efficient method of brain tumor classification, where, the real Magnetic Resonance (MR) images are classified into normal, non cancerous (benign) brain tumor and cancerous (malignant) brain tumor. The proposed method follows three steps, (1) wavelet decomposition, (2) textural feature extraction and (3) classification. Discrete Wavelet Transform is first employed using Daubechies wavelet (db4), for decomposing the MR image into different levels of approximate and detailed coefficients and then the gray level co-occurrence matrix is formed, from which the texture statistics such as energy, contrast, correlation, homogeneity and entropy are obtained. The results of co-occurrence matrices are then fed into a probabilistic neural network for further classification and tumor detection. The proposed method has been applied on real MR images, and the accuracy of classification using probabilistic neural network is found to be nearly 100%.